when you are offered a job. and from experience, do NOT accept the job without you knowing their maternity leave policy in your situation since you will not be covered under FMLA. I accepted a job at 16 weeks (now 36) and now I wish I would have negotiated my maternity leave better, I am seriously thinking about quitting since its that bad.
Do not disclose until you are offered a position in writing. Then before you accept, reach out to HR and discuss the related issues including leave. Also, depending on the situation, at that time it may be good to disclose to the hiring manager.
You don't want to disclose earlier for two reasons. One, you don't want it held against you and two, you don't want the hiring manager to be put in a position where he/she feels like they should treat you differently to protect themselves against potential discrimination issues.
I did the same thing earlier in this pregnancy. At the advice of the recruiter I did not disclose until I had an offer (they said it took burden off employer but I think they just wanted to make the commission, haha). Employer assured me they were okay with it before I accepted and although they couldnt guarantee FMLA obviously. I have now been there for about five months and am about to start maternity leave. Since working there I discovered they weren't all thrilled about the pregnancy at first mostly because they worried I wouldn't return but now that I have had months to prove myself I don't think they care.
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Re: Interviewing at 17 weeks
You don't want to disclose earlier for two reasons. One, you don't want it held against you and two, you don't want the hiring manager to be put in a position where he/she feels like they should treat you differently to protect themselves against potential discrimination issues.